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The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
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Why Are Perceptions of Change in the "Eye of the Beholder"?

The Role of Age, Sex, and Tenure in Procedural Justice Judgments

Steven Caldwell

University of South Carolina Upstate

Yi Liu

Georgia Institute of Technology

Donald B. Fedor

Georgia Institute of Technology

David M. Herold

Georgia Institute of Technology

This study investigates main effects of differences in workers (age, sex, and tenure) in conjunction with relevant contextual factors that moderate these main effects on individuals’ procedural justice judgments. Studying 820 employees who underwent change in their respective organizations, the authors found that the positive relationship between unit-level justice context and individual-level judgment of justice is stronger when workers’ personal jobs have low impact and when individuals are similar in age to others in the work unit. Men are more likely than women to view change-related management actions as just, but this relationship is not significant if the organization has undergone shifts in power structures concurrent with the focal change. Tenure relates positively with personal procedural justice judgment but only when the organization has recently changed the types of people it hires. The results have implications for organizations by informing managers that their change-related actions will not necessarily be translated similarly by all individuals participating in the change.

Key Words: organizational change • procedural justice • age • tenure • sex

This version was published on September 1, 2009

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Vol. 45, No. 3, 437-459 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0021886309336068
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